The four suits have filled (“black”) and outline (“white”) forms: ♠ ♥ ♦ ♣ and ♤ ♡ ♢ ♧. The filled spade, heart, diamond and club have HTML entities (♠, ♥, ♦, ♣) and are also emoji, so some platforms draw them in colour.
Chess pieces come in white (♔–♙) and black (♚–♟) sets, which is enough to write positions and move lists in plain text. ♟ U+265F BLACK CHESS PAWN is additionally an emoji. The Playing Cards block has a character for every card of a standard deck plus tarot trumps, though few fonts include them.
Click any symbol to copy it. Names link to the full character page with every encoding.