UnicodeCharactercom
ⅇ
U+2147 · DOUBLE-STRUCK ITALIC SMALL E

Double-Struck Italic Small E

  • CodepointU+2147
  • NameDOUBLE-STRUCK ITALIC SMALL E
  • Decimal8519
  • BlockLetterlike Symbols (U+2100–U+214F)
  • Plane0 — Basic Multilingual Plane
  • ScriptCommon
  • CategoryLl — Lowercase Letter
  • Unicode version3.2 (2002)
  • Bidi classL — Left-to-Right
  • Combining class0
  • East Asian widthN — Neutral
  • MirroredNo

About this character

U+2147 (ⅇ) is DOUBLE-STRUCK ITALIC SMALL E, a lowercase letter in the Letterlike Symbols block. Its script is Common: it is shared by many writing systems rather than belonging to one. It was added in Unicode 3.2 (2002).

It is a font variant of U+0065 e (compatibility decomposition <font>). NFC and NFD leave it alone, but NFKC and NFKD replace it with U+0065 e. Search engines, identifier checks and username systems that apply NFKC will treat the two as the same text.

How to type ⅇ

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Encodings & escapes

UTF-8 encoder →
UTF-8E2 85 873 bytes
UTF-1621471 code unit
UTF-32000021474 bytes
HTML named&ee;named character reference
HTML named&ExponentialE;named character reference
HTML named&exponentiale;named character reference
HTML decimal&#8519;
HTML hex&#x2147;
CSS\2147in content: "…"
JavaScript\u2147
JSON\u2147
Python\u2147
Python\N{DOUBLE-STRUCK ITALIC SMALL E}by name
Java / C#\u2147
C / C++\u2147universal character name
Rust / Swift / PHP\u{2147}
Go\u2147
Ruby\u2147
Excel / Sheets=UNICHAR(8519)
URL-encoded%E2%85%87percent-encoded UTF-8
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Normalization forms

Normalizer →
NFCunchanged
NFDunchanged
NFKCU+0065 e
NFKDU+0065 e
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Looks similar

Characters that Unicode’s security data (UTS #39 confusables) lists as visually confusable with this one. Useful for spotting lookalike spoofing in URLs and usernames.

U+0065eLatin Small Letter E U+0435еCyrillic Small Letter Ie U+04BDҽCyrillic Small Letter Abkhasian Che U+212E℮Estimated Symbol U+212FℯScript Small E U+FF45ｅFullwidth Latin Small Letter E U+1D41E𝐞Mathematical Bold Small E U+1D452𝑒Mathematical Italic Small E U+1D486𝒆Mathematical Bold Italic Small E U+1D4EE𝓮Mathematical Bold Script Small E U+1D522𝔢Mathematical Fraktur Small E U+1D556𝕖Mathematical Double-Struck Small E U+1D58A𝖊Mathematical Bold Fraktur Small E U+1D5BE𝖾Mathematical Sans-Serif Small E U+1D5F2𝗲Mathematical Sans-Serif Bold Small E U+1D626𝘦Mathematical Sans-Serif Italic Small E
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Nearby in Letterlike Symbols

All in block →
U+2141⅁Turned Sans-Serif Capital G U+2142⅂Turned Sans-Serif Capital L U+2143⅃Reversed Sans-Serif Capital L U+2144⅄Turned Sans-Serif Capital Y U+2145ⅅDouble-Struck Italic Capital D U+2146ⅆDouble-Struck Italic Small D U+2148ⅈDouble-Struck Italic Small I U+2149ⅉDouble-Struck Italic Small J U+214A⅊Property Line U+214B⅋Turned Ampersand U+214C⅌Per Sign U+214D⅍Aktieselskab